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This is an important issue. So this section will spend some effort to explain the backgrounds.
Mirrors are organized by country. All official mirrors have a DNS entry of the form ftpN.CC.freebsd.org. With CC (i.e. country code) being the top level domain of the country, where this mirror is located; and N is a number, telling that the host would be the Nth mirror in that country. (Same applies to cvsupN.CC.freebsd.org, wwwN.CC.freebsd.org, etc.) There are mirrors with no CC part. These are usually located in the US, but don't need to. ftp.freebsd.org is currently located in Denmark and just another mirror (i.e. it is NO master site).
Additionally there exists a hierarchy of mirrors, which is described terms of tiers. The master sites are not referred to, but can be described as Tier-0. Mirrors that mirror from these sites can be considered Tier-1, mirrors of Tier-1-mirrors, are Tier-2, etc. Official sites are encouraged to be of a low tier, but the lower the tier, the higher the requirements in terms as described in Section 1. Also access to low-tier-mirrors may be restricted, and access to master sites is definitely restricted. The tier-hierarchy is not reflected by DNS and generally not documented anywhere, except for the master sites. However, official mirrors with low numbers, like 1-4, are usually Tier-1 (this is just a rough hint, and there's no rule).
The short answer is: from the site, that is closest to you in internet terms, or gives you the fastest access.
If you have no special intentions or requirements, the statement in Section 3.2 applies. This means:
Look at available mirrors in your country. The FreeBSD Mirror Database can help you with this.
Check roughly those, which provide fastest access (number of hops, round-trip-times) and offer the services you intend to use (like rsync or CVSup).
Contact the admins of your chosen site, stating your request, and asking about their terms and policies.
Setup your mirror as described above.
In general the description in Section 3.2.1 still applies. Of course you may want to put some weight on the fact, that your upstream should be of a low tier. There are some other considerations about official mirrors, that are described in Section 4.
If you have good reasons, and good prerequisites, you may want and get access to one of the master sites. Access to these sites is generally restricted, and there are special policies for access. If you are already an official mirror, this certainly helps you getting access. In any other case make sure your country really needs another mirror. If it already has three or more, ask the FreeBSD mirror sites mailing list <freebsd-hubs@FreeBSD.org> first.
There are just two master sites, one for the FTP fileset and one for the CVS repository (the webpages and docs are obtained from CVS, so there is no need for it).
This is the master site for the FTP fileset.
ftp-master.FreeBSD.org provides rsync and CVSup access, rather in addition to ftp protocol. Refer to Section 2.1.2 and Section 2.1.3 how to access via these protocols.
Mirrors should be encouraged to also allow rsync access for the FTP contents, since they are Tier-1-mirrors.
To get access to ftp-master.FreeBSD.org, you need to contact Peter Wemm <peter@FreeBSD.org>.
This is the master site for the CVS repository.
cvsup-master.FreeBSD.org provides CVSup access only. See Section 2.2.1 for details.
To get access, you need to contact John Polstra <jdp@FreeBSD.org>. Make sure you read FreeBSD CVSup Access Policy first!
Set up the required authentication by following these instructions. Make sure you specify the server as freefall.freebsd.org on the cvpasswd command line, as described in this document, even when you are contacting cvsup-master.freebsd.org
This, and other documents, can be downloaded from ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/doc/.
For questions about FreeBSD, read the
documentation
before contacting <questions@FreeBSD.org>.
For questions about this documentation, e-mail <doc@FreeBSD.org>.
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